Temple roll



May 27, 1941.

TEMPLE ROLL Filed April 16, 1937 R. w. CUTLER 2,243,148

Patented May 27, 1941 il E ST 'l' f5;

4 Claims.

This invention pertains to looms for Weaving textile fabrics and relates more particularly to an improved temple roll for use in such la loom.

Temple rolls are designed to hold the fell of the cloth stretched to its full Width, and as commonly constructed are designed to accomplish this result by the action of helically disposed cloth-engaging elements projecting from the periphery of the roll. One Widely used type of roll has a body of wood or other hard material provided With helically disposed rows or" projecting steel pins or points. Such rolls are used in Weaving heavy or coarse fabrics, for example most cotton goods, cotton duck, denim, Woolen fabrics, etc., but While such temples function in a very positive and desirable Way in so far as stretching the material is concerned, they are not acceptable for use in Weaving fine fabrics such as silks, articial silk or the very ne grades of cotton, etc., since the holes left by the penetration of the temple roll pins remain as Visible defects in the nished goods. To avoid such damage when Weaving the liner grades of material, it has been proposed to employ a temple roll having a helical rib or ribs projecting from its peripheral surface, the frictional contact of the outer edge of such rib or ribs with the cloth being depended upon to provide the desired stretching action.

In order to insure a firm frictional grip it is manifest that the material of the rib must have a high coeicient of friction; that the cloth-engaging surface of the roll should approach the maximum consistent with permissible dimensions; and that the contact pressure between the roll and cloth should be distributed as evenly as possible over a substantial area oi the margin of the cloth. It is further requisite, in view of the fact that oil, acids, alkalies, etc., are commonly present in the synthetic yarns now so Widely used, either alone or in combination with other textile materials, that the cloth-engaging surface of the temple roll be such as will withstand the action of such substances Without rapid deterioration.

Commonly, temple rolls of the helical rib type are made of or covered with rubber, the peripheral rib being of such pitch as to provide seven or eightY turns per linear inch of roll. Usually the width of the rib is substantially equal to or less than the Width of the intervening groove. Moreover, in order to protect the rubber from the injurious action of oil, etc., it is common to load the rubber With some inert material, with the result that the rubber loses its natural resiliency and becomes hard and smooth to the touch,

, usually having a hardness of from 85 to 95, as

'lacking in resiliency.

Such a hard roll affords comparatively little frictional grip on the cloth (as compared with a roll of vulcanized gum rubber Whose hardness is of the order of to 60, as measured by the Shore durometer) it does not readily yield under pressure, and thus tends to ride on the extreme selvage edge of the cloth, (making only a light, if any, contact with the cloth inwardly of the selvage) and not only tends to apply excess localized stress to the selvage, with possibility of tearing the latter, but also Wears rapidly at its outer part Where contact actually takes place; and even at best only one-half or less of the length of the usual roll is at any time effective due to the width of the groove as compared with the Width of the cloth-contacting edge of the rib.

Principal objects of the present invention are to provide a temple roll of the helical rib type which will grip the cloth firmly and evenly and thus assure a stretching action approximating the positive pull imparted by the pin type roll; to provide a roll Which is so resilient as to grip the cloth invvardly of the selvage as Well as at its extreme edge; to provide a temple roll so designed that substantially more than one-half of its length is always in operative contact with the cloth; to provide a temple roll of great durability and which Will wear evenly and thus outlast temple rolls of the type at present available; and to provide a temple roll having the above desirable characteristics but which is not subject to rapid deterioration by contact With oil, alkali, acid or the like; Which does not damage even the nest goods, and which may be made easily, cheaply and in any desired diameter or length.

As the result of extended experiment it has been discovered that by providing the roll with helical ribs which, under Working conditions, have a hardness of from Ll5 to 65 as measured by a Shore durometer, and preferably having not more than six, and for best results not more than four turns per linear inch of roll; and with the contact surface of the helical rib of greater Width than the Width of the intervening groove, for example, in the ratio of 3 to 2, it is readily possible, by the use of an oil and acid-resistant resilient material, for example one of the synthetic rubbers or rubber substitutes now available, to obtain all of the above objects and advantages. Resilient materials suitable for the purpose include certain resilient cellulose acetate compounds, polymerized chloroprenes, or such thermoplastic substances as those commercially known as Koroseal which have the desired resiliency, are practically insoluble at ordinary temperatures and which consist of highly polymerized, vinyl halides having mixed therewith appropriate plasticizers such, for example, as tricresyl phosphate.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the follov ing more detailed description and by reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary diagrammatic plan view showing a loom temple in its operative relation to the forming web of cloth;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevation, to large scale, illustrating a temple roll embodying the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the roll of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side elevation of a roll embodying the present invention and indicating certain desirable dimensional relationships.

Referring to the drawing, the numeral I designates a temple support of a usual type designed to be secured to the loom frame and which provides a guideway for a sliding temple-supporting arm 2 on which is mounted the pod 3 which houses the temple roll or rolls. Quite commonly two rolls are mounted side by side in this pod to turn on parallel axes extending at right angles to the selvage of the cloth.

The fell or forming edge of the cloth is indicated at 4, and the woven web at 5, it being the function of the temple roll or rolls to keep the cloth stretched to its full Width adjacent to the fell 4.

In accordance with the present invention, the improved temple roll 6 comprises a tubular core 'l which may be of wood or any other suitable hard and reasonably rigid material, such core having the axial bore 8 designed to receive the shaft or pin (not shown) on which the roll turns. This core 1 is clothed with an outer covering or shell 9 of the selected material having the characteristics above referred to, that is to say, resiliency, toughness, and ability to resist the action of oil, acids and alkalies. One desirable material is the substance known under the trade name of Koroseal, above referred to. This substance for the present purpose, and under working conditions should have a durometer hardness of the order of 50 as measured cn the Shore durometer, although it is contemplated that desirable results may be obtained even though the hardness vary between 45 and 65 Shore.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, this resilient clothing 9 is so moulded or otherwise formed` as to have a helical rib or ribs I0 extending continuously from end to end. This rib has a pitch such as to provide approximately foury turns per linear inch of the cloth, although it is contemplated that the number of turns per inch may vary to some extent, though never exceeding six turns per inch. This helical rib lli is dened by a helical groove il preferably of a more or less semi-circular cross section. In accordance with this invention it is desirable that the width of the cylindrically curved cloth-contacting peripheral edge of the rib I0 be substantially wider than the intervening groove. For example, and to secure desirable results, the ratio of the Width of the rib to the width of the groove may be approximately as 3 to 2. When the pitch of the rib is such that it has four turns per linear inch the width of the face of the rib may approximate 3&0 of an inch, while the width of the groove may approximate 2/20 of an inch, although it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to these precise dimensions. The cloth-contacting edge of the rib may be smooth, or if preferred, fluted, knurled or otherwise roughened.

As compared with the usual helical type of temple roll which has from seven to eight turns per inch and in which the edge of the rib is of substantially the same Width as the width of the groove, the present roll provides substantially more contact surface for engagement with the cloth and this, together with its greater resiliency and high coefficient of friction, enables the roll to obtain a much firmer and more uniform and positive grip upon the cloth than rolls of the usual prior construction, While at the same time the new roll is resistant to oil and acid, and by reason of its more uniform contact with the cloth, Wears much more uniformly than the usual rolls and thus has a much greater useful life. In fact, as compared with rolls of prior constructions, it has been found to have a useful life approximately greater than such prior rolls. A further and wholly unexpected result of the use of these improved rolls is that the useful life of the reed of a loom in which such roll is employed is greatly prolonged due to the even tension applied by the roll, thus preventing the warps from pressing and rubbing unduly against the reed.

While one desirable embodiment of the invention has hereinabove been specifically described by Way of example, it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to the exact construction above described, but is to be regarded as inclusive of all equivalents which fall within the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A peripherally ribbed temple roll having a hollow, substantially rigid core and a resilient covering therefor, said -covering having substantially four cloth contacting spiral turns of rib for each linear inch of roll, the axial width of the rib being greater than the axial width of the groove lying between successive turns of rib, said covering consisting of resilient Koroseal which is not injuriously affected by cloth contained oily or aciduous substances.

2. A peripherally ribbed temple roll covering having only from substantially three to substantially four helical cloth-contacting turns of rib per linear inch of roll and in which consecutive turns of the rib are separated by a helical groove whose axial Width is less than the axial width of the cloth-engaging face of the rib, characterized in that the rib turns are of a tough, resilient, nonabsorbent material selected from the family of materials consisting of synthetic resins and cellulose acetate compounds, which material is not injuriously affected by oil or acetic anhydride and which has a normal working hardness, as measured by a Shore durometer of the order of from 45 to 65.

3. A peripherally ribbed temple roll covering having only from substantially three to substantially four helical cloth-contacting turns of rib per linear inch of roll and in Which consecutive turns of rib are separated by a helical groove Whose axial Width is less than the axial Width of the cloth-engaging face of the rib, characterized in that the rib turns are of a synthetic resin Which is tough, resilient, non-absorbent of moisture and not injuriously affected by oil or acetic anhydride and which has a normal Working hardness, as measured by a Shore durometer, of the order of from 45 to 65.

4. A peripherally ribbed temple roll ,covering having only from substantially three to substantially four helical cloth-contacting turns of rib per linear inch of roll, and in which the consecutive turns of the rib are separated by a helical groove Whose axial width is less than the axial width of the cloth-engaging face of the rib, characterized in that the rib turns are of Koroseal which is not injuriously affected by oil or acetic anhydride and which has a normal Working hardness, as measured by a Shore durometer, of the order of from 45 to 65.

ROGER W. CUTLER. 

